Essay about Incorporating Uniforms into Our School

As stated in the Morning Call on January 11, 2013, â€Å"Uniforms will reduce bullying, teasing and disruption while also being a cheaper alternative for poor parents who struggle every year to afford new school clothes for their children†(Esack). Much like the Allentown Area School District, incorporating uniforms needs to be a priority for Pen Argyl High School. Not only will students have better attendance once uniforms are required, but one can also expect school achievement to increase. The enacting of a uniform rule by the Pen Argyl School District geared towards the high school would halt bullying in our school, eliminate questionable dress code violations, and make all students and personnel easily identifiable when present in the high†¦show more content†¦Overall, if uniform wearing was a required component of Pen Argyl High School, student priorities would be focused on the more appropriate topic of academics rather than the fad of fashion trends; leading to more student awareness and less bullying, or attention to student clothing, throughout the school day. In addition to the apparent bullying over style trends and choices, another issue that could be eliminated through the incorporation of uniforms is the lessening of disciplinary action directed towards students for dress code violations. Almost daily, students are sent to the office for dress code checks which are most often handled by the vice principal or principal. Students are commonly sent for checks based on the following items that are considered questionable: midriff revealing tops, ripped and low-rise jeans, short skirts and shorts, exposed shoulders and necklines and spandex for the girls. Additionally, there are ill-fitting jeans and inappropriate slogans on t-shirts and sweatshirts for the boys to contend with. A uniform policy would eliminate the need for dress code checks, which would enable the vice principal and principal to concentrate on more important issues w ithin the high school. Furthermore, uniforms would ensure that students are buying their clothing from a uniform supplyShow MoreRelatedEssay on A Call for Uniforms at PenArgyl High School600 Words   |  3 Pages2013, â€Å"Uniforms will reduce bullying, teasing and disruption while also being a cheaper alternative for poor parents who struggle every year to afford new school clothes for their children†(Esack). Much like the Allentown Area School District, incorporating uniforms needs to be a priority for Pen Argyl High School. Not only will students have better attendance once uniforms are required, but one can also expect school achievement to increase. The enacting of a uniform rule by the Pen Argyl School DistrictRead MoreAre School Uniforms Effective For Students? Essay1507 Words   |  7 PagesAre school uniforms effective for students? A majority of public schools are becoming more like private schools by requiring students to wear a school uniform. It is a controve rsial matter in education which not only involves the school system and the students but the parents as well. There are people who believe it is designed to keep the student educationally in shape by restraining the type of clothing, they would normally wear. That it will enhance discipline and reduce peer pressure, socioeconomicRead MoreThe Development of Our Identities Essay1113 Words   |  5 PagesThe Development of Our Identities  § Identities, as much as the perceptions of beauty, are in the eyes of the beholders. Shaped and molded by them too, we often have very little control over the construction of our identities. Paragraph 2: ids are socially constructed.  § The construction of identities is more often than not attributed to the way in which people perceive you and your personality  § Activities one participates in have their own identities and this Read MoreDress Codes In the School System Essays1399 Words   |  6 Pagessubject of debate in our educational institutions for many years. Administrators have struggled to find effective ways to deal with discipline problems. The introduction of dress codes has been a common intervention in our educational system to help decrease the number of disciplinary issues that are dealt with on a daily basis. Topics such as gang activity, bullying, increasing violence and Freedom of Expression have been thrown into the discussion, causing controversy in our communities. The dressRead MoreWhat Do Executives Really Mean When They Say That `` Business Is A Team Sport?944 Words   |  4 Pagesachieve 95% proficiency with reading and math achievement with our 3rd grade students. We each bring strengths that are beneficial to our group productivity. One team member is a reading specialist who supports the team with plann ing for and implementing effective instruction during reading lessons. One team member serves our grade level chairperson. She is our liaison between school administration and other members of our school. I serve as the math specialist. I complete all lesson planningRead MoreRacial Stereotypes Of African American Youth1109 Words   |  5 PagesOver the past decade disciplinary issues in the schools have increased. Children are no longer showing respect to those in authority. This problem has caused students to not only decrease in their academic achievement but also decrease in their real world social development. African Americans are amongst one ethnicity group to experience bias. In the context of school discipline, race and gender stereotypes particularly function to criminalize African American youth and to reinforce cultural beliefsRead MoreThe Problem Of Holding The Negro Down872 Words   |  4 Pagesunaware of how race, class, and gender played a role not only in my li fe but in my education as well. In Pre-School and Elementary School, I struggled in school. Looking back, I realize I really did not like the structure and operations of the classroom. I was a very active child who was very inquisitive and the spaces of my early childhood were lower income predominately black schools where disciplining children was the main objective rather than creating an environment for learning. My parentsRead MoreI Am A Girl, The World Of Esthetics Intrigued Me1283 Words   |  6 Pagestransform them, whether that is hair, skin, nails or cosmetics. As I grew up to began to become more and more attracted to cosmetics. My passion for it did not begin until high school, where I realized my full potential. Throughout my four years of high school I was on the dance team, where our makeup had to look uniform. As a freshman, my 15-year-old friends did not know a thing about makeup and I knew the basics. They would have me do their makeup and would always tell me tha t I should be a makeupRead MoreCold Duck Fizz Cola Company Essay1408 Words   |  6 PagesDuck Fizz Cola to our trade partners and consumers. The policies outlined is based on our home-country, the United States of America, anti-trust laws, equal opportunity laws, human rights, as well as health and safety labor standards. a) Sanitation- †¢ The no-touch hand and boot sanitizer located at every outside entry point into the plant must be administered by every employee entering the facility. †¢ This policy refers to personal hygiene and not procedural sanitation steps for our Bottle manufacturingRead MoreRacial Segregation : Race And Place At The Local Level Essay1602 Words   |  7 Pagesdeliberately rejected to Blacks and other minority groups. Aside from the National and State level, it is important to understand the relationship between race and space at the local level. In this essay, I agree that color-blindness, the Boy Scout, and Schools perpetuate, produce, and subvert ideas of race that shape the relationship between race and place at the local level. I agree that color-blindness perpetuates, produces, and subverts ideas of race that shape the relationships between race and place

Erfa - 1044 Words

The Journal of Nepalese Business Studies Vol. I No. 1 Dec. 2004 Human Resource Management: Career Development Dhruba Kumar Budhathoki* ABSTRACT This paper mainly emphasizes on career development which is gaining much importance in recent times in order to retain skilled, competent and result oriented people in the organization. This paper invites special attention in this area of organizations. PEOPLE ARE THE SOURCES of all productive effort in organizations. Organizational effectiveness depends on the performance of people working in organizations. Better people achieve better results. As a part of human resource management, every organization should acquire and retain skilled, competent, and motivated employees,†¦show more content†¦Career pathing is a sequential pattern of the specific jobs associated with those opportunities. The two processes are intertwined. Career planning involves identifying the means of accomplishing desired results, and in this regard of career plans, career paths are the means of achieving aspirations. Although, career planning is still a new practice, most of the organizations are turni ng to it as a way to protect rather than react to the problems associated with the career. The individual most identify his career aspirations and abilities and then recognize what training and development are required to follow a particular career path, whereas the organization must identify the needs and opportunities. 4. Career Development Programs The organizations have to develop right type of career development programs so as to make the people grow to their full potential and to retain skilled, competent and talented employees in the organization. Some organizations use career development programs to identify the pool of talent available for promotion and posting, some organizations often restrict career development programs to managerial and professional staff, while some other provide it for both managerial and non-managerial staffs. The relationship between career development and human resource planning is obvious. Career developments ensure a supply of abilities and talents, whereas human resourceShow MoreRelatedOrganisation6245 Words   |  25 Pagesstà ¸rre felt bliver à ¥bent. Hvad er coaching Side 126 * Coaching er en udviklingsform, hvor en coach er en slags katalysator for medarbejderens udvikling. Medarbejderen ser gennem en dialog problemet eller situationen i à ¸jnene. Hvad er en ERFA-gruppe Side 126 * Er grupper hvor deltagerne har et sammenfald af interesser og erfaringsgrundlag. * Oftest anvendt pà ¥ en kreds af deltagere med omtrent det samme job, men i forskellige afdelinger eller virksomheder. Det er en god metode

Deciding On a Vehicle Type Free Essays

string(71) " people would consider their vehicle to be an extension of themselves\." Many factors influence the automotive design process. Some of these include the target price, workload intended for the vehicle, safety in crashes, aesthetic appeal in design, fuel economy or fuel efficiency, ergonomics, and mechanical design. These factors deeply affect the vehicular design procedure. We will write a custom essay sample on Deciding On a Vehicle Type or any similar topic only for you Order Now This paper will travel into each of these aspects and deeper to explain why they are so influential. DECIDING ON A VEHICLE TYPE The first step in the development of an automobile is to decide what kind of vehicle it will be. A truck is most useful for construction, moving, farm work, and things of those natures. However, people employ a minivan or sedan in transporting families or taking vacations. There are sports cars, designed only to get its passengers there fast and in style. The engineers cannot even initiate more complex design phases until the car’s basic style is decided, thus making it one of the most important steps in the entire process. PRICE Price appears at the same stage in development as choosing the car type. Money is a major factor in the development of any new technology or product. Not only will the price have to be suitable for the consumer, it must also be feasible to put the amount of funding required into the project. Developing a new automobile takes thousands of hours of work and millions of dollars in funding to make a reality. Companies must make sure that they are putting their millions of dollars into a worthy cause, as most concept cars never see the assembly line. Before designing the car’s performance and feature list, the engineers must know in what price range the car is to be sold. Budgets have to be set, and they assist in determining the outcome of the car. FUEL EFFICIENCY Along the same general lines as price is the fuel economy of the vehicle. Manufacturers must meet certain emission standards to make their creations street-legal. Drag exerted on the vehicle greatly affects fuel economy. Engineers use the drag coefficient formula to determine how much force drag applies on their design. The formula for the drag coefficient is where FD is the drag force. P is the density of the medium through which the object is traveling. In automobile design, this medium is the air, whose density is a relative constant. U is the speed of the body journeying through the medium (which in this case is air), and L is the scale of the body measured in square units1. This formula is used to calculate the drag coefficient of a vehicle. The independent variables in the above equation are measured using a wind tunnel and other standard measuring techniques. The higher the drag coefficient is the more drag is exerted on the car and the worse its fuel economy would be. Lowered fuel economy is, naturally, undesirable and makes the consumer less likely to purchase the vehicle. With the rising fuel issues, a growing interest in creating new environmentally friendly engines has become known. Millions of dollars are being poured into projects that will lead to highly efficient motors to power the world’s automotive force. This is another section, and alternate engines will be discussed later in the paper. As previously acknowledged, cars are tested in wind tunnels to assist in measuring the drag forces on the vehicle. Wind tunnels are essentially large tubes with an enormous fan at one end. The object to be tested is placed in the wind tunnel, and the fan is started, causing air particles to accelerate and generate wind. The wind then reaches the object to be tested. However, the human eye cannot see exactly where the wind goes when hitting the object. Therefore, wind tunnel technologists use smoke to view the airflow around their subjects2. Automotive engineers use the data gathered in wind tunnel testing to calculate the drag on the vehicles. Another factor of the fuel economy of a vehicle is its weight. Generally, lighter cars boast better fuel efficiency. Engineers wage a constant war between lightweight and heavyweight vehicles. Lightweight vehicles are more efficient than their heavyweight counterparts are, but they are also considered less safe. Lighter vehicles also maintain their tires better, further increasing their efficiency. In recent years and through most of automobile history, the clear choice has been to go with the safer vehicles and simply postpone the efficiency until better technologies exist to improve upon it. During the 1980s, however, the trend of producing smaller, more compact cars was introduced. A standard called the Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standard (CAFE) was set at 27.5 miles per gallon, forcing automotive manufacturers to create smaller, less safe cars to meet the optional CAFE standard3. This standard has been blamed for many deaths because lighter cars are more insecure. Safety issues will be discussed later. The 1990s brought back the era of the large vehicle, and we have since been seeing monstrous SUVs rule the market. Perhaps one day, engineers will unearth the perfect balance between efficiency and safety. As for now, great strides are being made in improving the safety of the smaller vehicles and more and more sports cars are being made small. Plastics are making it possible to create safe, lightweight vehicles. From body panels to interior parts, plastic may very well be the future of automotive design. The tires on a vehicle also contribute to fuel efficiency, so the lighter cars have yet another advantage in the efficiency department4. AESTHETIC APPEAL The overall look of a car is sometimes enough to sell a buyer on purchasing a certain vehicle. Thusly, the design of the vehicle’s exterior is a major concern in the designing of a vehicle. The curves of a car are what define it and give it its personality. A vehicle with personality is appealing to the consumer, and they are sometimes able to identify with the vehicle. Many people would consider their vehicle to be an extension of themselves. You read "Deciding On a Vehicle Type" in category "Papers" People judge one another by what kind of car they drive and even recognize each other as they travel. A person’s vehicle can tell an entire story about its owner. Therefore, it is nearly unnecessary to state that the exterior styling of an automobile is of paramount importance because nobody wants a vehicle that is going to reflect poorly upon them and their lifestyle. Concept cars usually feature aggressive lines and bold design features. Why is it then that if all the cars on the road were once a concept are there relatively few aggressively styled vehicles on the road? The answer is simple: the manufacturers of the automobiles must get the most value out of their designs, and that involves toning down the design’s outrageous factors in many cases. The aggressive and bold lines are attractive, however, and demand attention from the heads of companies. The sad truth is that sometimes the extreme designs are simply infeasible due to another section to be later discussed, compatibility with current configurations at the plant that builds the vehicles. However, innovations in design must occur at some rate because if progression stops, so does the automotive industry. Progression is the force that keeps the world moving. Companies make slight changes to their vehicles annually, and every so often, a completely new vehicle on a completely new framework can be introduced into the market. New cars often share the chassis of a similar car to avoid the need to create a new frame for the car. When a company finally does introduce a radical new vehicle into the market, the manufacturers must have made sure that the investment was worth it, because the vehicle could be a complete failure in the rough and tough world of commerce. Style is not an objective concept. Different people from varying backgrounds have differing opinions about what looks good. The artists involved in styling the vehicle’s exterior must take into account the target audience of the product. Before production, they must implant their idea of style into the public’s mind to take note of the reactions, usually done at auto shows. There are, for example, several styles of trucks: big and powerful trucks, small and sporty trucks, and family-oriented trucks. Obviously, a family with young children would not find the styling of the large, tall, powerful truck to be appealing because their children would not be able to enjoy fully their investment of an automobile, which is more than likely unsatisfactory. ERGONOMICS OF THE INTERIOR The interior of a vehicle is just as important in the design of an automobile as the exterior styling of the vehicle. Many times, a test drive will turn away customers. If the consumers do not like to be in the vehicle, they are far less likely to purchase the vehicle than if the interior is pleasing. Many drivers like to have a full range of features at their disposal, while others like to keep their dashboards as free of clutter as possible. Design engineers keep this in mind when developing the interior of their creations. Cheaper cars tend to have far fewer luxurious devices, while the more expensive vehicles have gadgets galore. This is most likely because it is the gadgets that increase the price, making a costly car what it is-expensive. To keep the market moving forward, as it must, new car parts need to be invented annually and implemented either in concept vehicles or in reincarnations of old vehicles. Comfortable seats are a necessity in a vehicle. In a car, the seats must be adjustable to accommodate the differently sized people who use them, because it is unfair to discriminate against either short or tall people. In trucks, designers have been paying attention to this as well, and have developed power foot pedals since the seat in a truck is often nonadjustable. There is an entire science dedicated to creating comfortable seats. Companies pour hundreds of thousands of dollars into designing and producing comfortable chairs for automobiles. Therefore, there are numerous products on sale across the world claiming to give the most comfortable trip possible. They range from gel pads to masterfully designed and engineered pads built into the seat. In mathematics, the letter r is used to represent confidence in an arithmetical estimation. Through extensive research, engineers have developed formulas to measure comfort. They have experimented and have found r to be as high as .638 when they asked two questions of a subject: Does this provide lower back support? Is this chair comfortable? Researchers believe that lower back support is the key to extreme comfort. Pressure should be evenly distributed and not focused on any particular region. No pressure should be put on the sciatic nerve, or discomfort will surely ensue. This pressure is diverted to other areas by the clever usage of curves in the chair and padding. This diversion also reduces blocked blood flow, leaving the user comfortable. However, simply designing a rigid yet ideal structure for the seat in an automobile is not enough, because people are naturally disproportionate to one another. Active comfort systems are being designed to conform to each person individually, rather than setting a standard in which everyone should fit. 5 ELECTRONICS SYSTEM According to Bayerische Motoren Werke (BMW), the electronics system accounts for more than 30% of the overall design cost for a new vehicle6. Currently, the mechanical design of automobiles is the core, but it is predicted that the electronic components will become the nucleus, and mechanical innovations will grow fewer and fewer. Some future electronic innovations projected to arrive in the automotive market are more complex power train management systems, Electronic Control Units (ECU) that control dashboard displays, and the ability to communicate wirelessly with other vehicles and road signs. Designers must take extreme care in designing such electrical systems because the more complex a system is the more room for error exists. Power and drive train and management systems currently exist and manufacturers commonly implement them. Traction control and limited slip differentials are excellent examples of such systems. In the future, ignition control systems will be used to create more efficiency in the ignition process. An ECU will be used to regulate the amount of fuel injected into the engine’s cylinders. This will assist in fuel economy because no fuel will be wasted, and will increase the power of the engine. There will be systems to utilize more effectively the weight distribution of the vehicle in steering and braking. Automotive corporations are developing more intricate and advanced systems to transmit the power to the wheels that permit absolutely no loss of grip during acceleration or braking. Dashboard controls have an effect on the overall effectiveness of the gauges in a vehicle. If a device could cull what gauges were relevant, more gauges would with less clutter than the typical dash of today, provided the gauges are displayed digitally. The coding necessary for such an electronic display would likely exceed 45,000 lines and take more than 262,800 man-hours to develop fully. Such an effort would probably need millions of dollars in financial backing, and currently nobody has been willing to invest so much money in something that would probably not gain as much as it costs. According to OSEK (In English, Open Systems and the Corresponding Interfaces for Automotive Electronics), â€Å"Vehicle manufacturers traditionally focus on production cost rather than on development cost-the sensors and the actuators, along with the bare ECU, represent almost the entire cost for electronics in the car. † However, although software does not have a â€Å"production† cost, it is not for free! The software development costs are skyrocketing: today, they are about twice as much as the development costs for hardware.† New technologies such as bluetooth will allow vehicles to interact with both people and their electronic objects. For instance, a cellular phone is inserted into a jack in a vehicle. The vehicle downloads the phone’s data such as addresses, phone numbers, and other information. The car’s own speakers deliver any phone calls that come through the line, and this allows the driver’s hands to remain free while they talk on the phone. This technology exists, and is readily available. Design engineers are always keeping up with the times, and realize that cellular phones are now of utmost importance to many people. Possible future technologies will allow vehicles to communicate with one another and will assist in stop and go traffic. Perhaps an adaptive cruise control will be designed that monitors traffic and can alter its setting on the fly, allowing greater functionality of the cruise control unit. Bad electrical design can lead to exceedingly dangerous situations. Design engineers have finally realized the human mid has its limitations and cannot process an infinite amount of information at one time. Having to fumble around to find the right button to change the radio station is not only dangerous, it is annoying. BMW has integrated stereo systems into its steering wheel, and is interested in â€Å"x-by-wire† technology. It will remove the mechanical linkages in the steering wheel, brake system, and shifting mechanisms, creating new phrases like steer-by-wire, brake-by-wire, and shift-by-wire. They think that the steering wheel will only turn 160à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. This will allow for vastly enhanced maneuverability in parking and other situations7. General Motors has also shown great interest in the x-by-wire technology and debuted its Autonomy in late 2002, a vehicle that is essentially a flat board attached to wheels. While they have created a drivable version, they admit that the technology to actually produce such a vehicle is still years in the working. They will surely verify the electrical integrity of the x-by-wire electrical system before allowing it to be released into the market, or else they risk endangering citizens and being sued. One new safety feature already available is the lane departure system from Siemens VDO Automotive. Upon the vehicle changing lanes without signaling, it will beep, informing the driver of the unintentional lane change. This will be monumental in the field of driving safety and is made possible by the electrical engineers who work on such projects. PERFORMANCE DESIGN Automotive designers must take into account the mechanical design of their vehicles. They must decide whether to use an existing frame for the vehicle or design a new one from scratch. If they do decide to design a totally new vehicle, they must decide at what caliber performance the vehicle will be created. The specific needs of the vehicle to be created decide what performance features will be implemented in the vehicle. An offroad vehicle will likely require an active suspension and four-wheel drive, among other things. A sports car should have rack and pinion steering and an aerodynamic body to create downforce and reduce drag and should be lightweight to allow for high-speed maneuvering. New technologies in performance engineering are always developing. Vehicles are becoming more well rounded and are suiting many needs. For example, a truck can now be used to haul freight or haul a family of five. In the past, trucks were meant only to drive offroad and carry cargo. Still, there is the need for specific performance standards in vehicles. Horsepower reigned king in the day of the muscle car, but now new technologies in gearing and energy transmission allow less horsepower to do more work toward the ultimate goal of propelling a vehicle into motion. It is incontrovertible that the engine is one of the most vital components of any automobile. The transmission is able to harness more of the engine’s power with our new, advanced technology. Nowadays, greater measures have been taken in engineering safety measures, allowing vehicles to travel faster while increasing previous safety standards. A smaller vehicle does not necessitate a large engine being installed. However, what may be a vivacious engine for a lightweight vehicle may prove to be a sluggish one for larger vehicles such as trucks and some sports cars. Many new engine types are being developed. There have been diesel powered engines for a long period, and they get slightly improve fuel efficiency over their gasoline counterparts. In recent years, engineers have been pushing hybrid electric-fuel engines. The Honda Insight is likely the most well received hybrid vehicle. It boasts sixty mile per gallon on the city streets and sixty-six on the highway. It has an electric engine that uses regenerative braking to recharge itself, allowing for the vast improvements in gas mileage. The Insight is an excellent model for engineers to follow, as everything related to it is state of the art8. Also introduced recently is the hydrogen motor. It is just as promising as the hybrid motor, and one day it will probably replace the outdated, fossil-fuel burning engines. Lightweight materials such as fiberglass are making it possible for the automotive industry to make large cars lightweight. The Chevrolet Corvette is a prime example of fiberglass body panels. As stated earlier in this paper, lightweight vehicles are more efficient and can lead to higher performance levels. Advances in suspension are evident in recent past. Independent suspensions have been installed in many Ford vehicles. The independent suspension system allows each half of an axle to be affected by the road free of its counterpart. With each wheel acting freely, the vehicle rides much more smoothly. Engineers must consider what type of terrain on which their vehicle is intended to be driven. They must exceed these expectations as they need their vehicle to be able to stand up to more than is expected and repeat customers will exist. Going beyond what is expected is something most automotive and design engineers take great pride in. CONCLUSION The vehicle type is of utmost importance in the automotive design process. People do not wish to drive a two-person vehicle if they need to take their family on vacation. Therefore, a suitable marketing scheme must also be derived. The price of the vehicle may attract or turn away some buyers. The price should not be set too high if the company wishes for the vehicle to be its marquee attraction because most people do not have unlimited amounts of money to invest in a vehicle. In these days of soaring oil prices, the automotive design process is greatly affected by the fuel efficiency of a vehicle. Fuel is a precious commodity and the industry realizes that. Therefore, we are seeing an increase in the fuel economy of all vehicles. Cars must be attractive to be sold. Sometimes a company must make an audacious move in the field of styling, but they always weigh the chances of it flopping once it reaches the market. Bold styling is a necessity, however because of the key word to all industry-progression. The interior must be both electronically tuned and comfortable to be in. Safety is of great concern here, and airbags should be installed. There should be as low as possible of a chance of fire due to electrical failure, and electrical engineers are responsible for assuring this. All new vehicles must be able to perform well and travel along the roads without slowing down the rest of the traffic flow. Certain vehicles are designed to perform, while others are designed to be as simple as possible while still meeting all standards and codes set by the government. The automobile industry is a vastly complex and ever changing one. New technologies are being developed constantly that can change the industry’s outlook on the future. It is factual that any industry cannot survive if it does not continually progress and adapt to the changing markets and desires of its patrons. New software is developed to more accurately model and simulate situations that will occur in automobiles. Technologies in this field have become so advanced that the need for real-world prototyping is almost eliminated. Now, the prototypes are merely displays for the public to catch a glimpse of the future of transportation; all the real work is done virtually. From wind tunnels to test tracks, the automotive design process is one that encompasses many varying disciplines and each field must work together to create a final product that is desirable, functional, efficient, and aesthetically pleasing to its consumers. How to cite Deciding On a Vehicle Type, Papers

Emotional intelligence and effective leader - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Emotional intelligence and effective leader. Answer: Personal Leadership and Profile Identification of strengths and weaknesses forms the basis of the foundation of becoming a successful and great leader. It refers to the ability to define a certain direction for personal life as well as leadership, and move in that direction with clarity andconsistence(Yukl, 2012). Being clear on personal values, opinions and beliefs, and remaining grounded are imperative to the pathway of becoming an efficient leader. Building on the strength and improving areas of weakness, without being defensive and embarrassed are some of the key qualities of an effective leader. Self-assessment and monitoring helped me recognize my abilities and helped me gain a deeper understanding of my values, motives and actions (Batool, 2013). This assignment will illustrate my leadership capabilities and will support the leadership styles I demonstrate using relevant literatures. Personality characteristics Core values of leadership involve certain guiding principles that play an essential role in our lives. These values facilitate and guide others in making a positive difference in personal lives, which in turn contributes to a larger good. Some of the most essential values that I manifest are related to demonstration of respect, integrity, and trust. A culture of mutual respect is vital owing to the fact that it helps people from belonging to different backgrounds come forward and work together as a team (Klar Brewer, 2013). Failure to demonstrate respect often makes it difficult for the most secured people as well to bring about changes and innovation (Carter Greer, 2013). I am respectful towards all my colleagues and peers as it helps in recognizing their basic needs and enhances the overall performance. I try to show respect towards all regardless of their cultural or linguistic backgrounds by evoking a positive conversation with them. I am an active listener and always demonstra te an interest in hearing the views and perspectives of the people surrounding me. This improves provisions for an effective conversation and most often results in a satisfying and productive dialogue. I understand that respect and unquestionable integrity is fundamental to human relationship and therefore implement it in real-time settings. I try to ensure a long-term commitment to do the right practice, regardless of the circumstances and try not to break the trust of people who confide in me. My values make me demonstrate transparency and fairness in all situations. On the other hand, my capability to motivate and inspire my colleagues and peers is based on trust. Display of a passionate behavior towards my work, keeping promises and constantly communicating with others makes me trustworthy. However, I have some weaknesses that often create hindrances in my pathway of becoming an efficient leader. Most often I display lack of courage. Absence of courage commonly results in reduced innovations and sales due to failure to take unpopular and bold decisions (Czech Forward, 2013). Failure to provide regular feedback and rewarding the team members for a good performance are some of t he weaknesses. These directly influence team productivity. Leadership skills are regarded as an essential component that helps in taking thoughtful decisions about the goals and mission of the organization. It also facilitates allocation of adequate resources for achieving the intended directives (Effelsberg, Solga Gurt, 2014). Some of the leadership skills that I demonstrate are namely, non-verbal communication, relationship building, financial management and directing others. Being an efficient communicator through the use of gestures and body language conveys more than words and often helps to make the receiver understand the exact meaning of what is being communicated (Kaslow, Falender Grus, 2012). Formulating direction for others and articulating the directions in a way that the colleagues and subordinates are clear on the expectations they are required to meet is an important leadership attribute. Thus, this skill enables me to foster relationship with others and helps in building the team. I am also able to understand the implicatio ns of the financial decisions and enable me to utilise the financial information for improving performance. Morals and ethics are the standards that define good and bad behaviour of the employees and management in an organization (Eddy, 2012). I always abide by the regulations and laws, established by the government and never promise more than what can be achieved or delivered. I also try not to blame others due to poor financial results or failures. Leadership perspectives These include competency, implicit, transformational, contingency and behavioural perspectives. The competency or trait perspective is the oldest and illustrates the traits of effective leaders. It helps in identifying set of values, abilities and personality traits that make a successful leader (Tourish, 2013). On the other hand, the behavioral perspective identifies behaviours that are demonstrated by effective leaders. While, people-oriented leaders look out for the welfare of all members, task-oriented leaders only focus on the job at hand. The contingency perspective focuses on the importance of a particular situation in determining the leadership style (Furtner, Baldegger Rauthmann, 2013). It states that a leader should be directive, achievement-oriented, supportive and participative for good outcomes. In addition, the transformational perspective looks at the way by which efficient leaders transform their teams by inspiring the employees to strive for a clear vision. They hel p in building commitment towards accomplishing the vision or goal. Leadership style There are different types of leadership styles that exist at workplaces. The laissez-faire leadership style encompasses lack of supervision of employees and such leaders fail to provide feedback on a regular basis. This is commonly exhibited by trained and highly experienced leaders who require little supervision and hinders productivity (Furtner, Baldegger Rauthmann, 2013). Failure to demonstrate supervision efforts leads to increasing costs. On the other hand, transactional leaders receive tasks to perform and provide punishments or rewards to the coworkers based on their performance. Predetermined goals are set by the managers and team members that make them follow a specific direction to accomplish the intended goals (McCleskey, 2014). The transformational and participative styles of leadership depend on high communication skills and input from peers and team members. Additionally, autocratic leadership creates provisions for the managers to make decisions without considering input from others (Avolio Yammarino, 2013). Furthermore, charismatic leaders infuse high enthusiasm and energy in the team and help in boosting performance (Rast III, Hogg Giessner, 2013). Based on the values, beliefs and skills that I demonstrate, it can be stated that I manifest styles of transformational leadership. I engage in effective communication with my coworkers and subordinates that help identification of the areas that need amendment. Therefore, it helps me to create a vision that eventually guides a change. Display of this leadership style enhances motivation and boosts our morale. This creates a positive impact on job performance and increases interest in the work. It helps me emphasise on intrinsic motivation. My capability of demonstrating excellent verbal and non-verbal communication skills helps in conveying a clear vision of the future and of the intended goals. This directly influences the team members to portray a sense of admiration and respect towards me. My keen observation power facilitates gaining the trust and respect of the team members, which in turn inspires all to emulate the good qualities in practice. aspects that need development Sharing unpopular decisions and providing tough feedbacks will help in bringing about innovations and new ideas, in place of the existing ones. Exchanging feedbacks with team members for creating an environment that will support strong performance and meeting the intended expectations and goals Intangible reward in the form of employee recognition, or tangible ones such as, monetary bonus should be conferred on employees to influence their behaviour. This will act as a form of appraisal and will provide opportunities to improve performance Improving emotional intelligence will lead to important insights on self and will allow in balancing feelings. This will facilitate having a sound situational awareness for leading a team. Self-regulation also needs improvement. It will encompass redirection or control of disruptive emotions and will assist in maintaining a calm composure during stressful situations. Bibliography Full Reference IDENTIFYIn-text Reference Context / Location DEFINE EVALUATE ANALYSE [CRITICALLY] REFERENCING: Hunter et al., (2013) CONTEXT: Location USA Organisation- Baylor University, Hankamer School of Business, Department of Management and Entrepreneurship and University of Houston Participants- 224 stores that included 425 followers, 40 regional managers and 110 store managers Method- 3 separate surveys were conducted servant leadership, store performance and sales bevahiour What is this article/book about? The objective of the study was to test the relationship between servant leadership, personality, organisational outcomes and critical followers. Identify key themes that relate to your leadership exercise and style of leadership The key theme of the study was based on the fact that the leaders most often observe their followers while demonstrating helping behaviors such as, actively praising the coworkers. However, they often fail to utilise the opportunities of observing the followers for showing concern, as these conversations take place in private. What questions does this make you ask? This makes me reflect on my practice and question whether I spend adequate time in conversing with my colleagues and co-workers at work. I try to analyse my ability of showing respect, compassion and care towards my co-workers. How relevant is this reference: To my leadership style and approach? Although I demonstrate transformational leadership skills and communicate with my co-workers to identify key areas for amendments, I display lack of appraisal and care for the co-workers. How relevant is this to my leadership style and to my profile? Although I try to engage in effective conversations with all my co-workers in group discussions, I often fail to demonstrate a caring attitude and do not get time to interact with them in private. What messages and/or lessons can be learnt from this article about my leadership style? Thus, it helps me learn that in addition to demonstrating effective communication skills for working towards a directed goal, I also need to reciprocate a helping behaviour. REFERENCING: Braun, Peus, Weisweiler Frey (2013) CONTEXT: Location Germany Organisation- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitt Mnchen, Technische Universitt Mnchen Participants- 360 employees and their supervisors Method- Surveys were conducted to measure transformational leadership behaviour of the supervisors, perceptions of trust on them and individual job satisfaction What is this article/book about? The article aimed to fill in the leadership gaps by analyzing effects of transformational leadership on trust building in supervisor, team performance and job satisfaction. Identify key themes that relate to your leadership exercise and style of leadership Transformational leadership helps in bringing desired outcomes for all individuals due to the fact that all organizations have a team-based structure and need leaders for motivating the employees by building their trust. What questions does this make you ask? I reflected whether my leadership style is able to improve job satisfaction among my co-workers and if I display good leadership qualities that make the employees trust me. How relevant is this reference: To my leadership style and approach? It is quite relevant to my transformational leadership style as the research helped me in identifying the areas that can be improved for increasing my trustworthiness among the co-workers and also helped me understand my role in increasing employee job satisfaction. How relevant is this to my leadership style and to my profile? It is of extreme relevance as it helped me realise that trust in the team as well as the supervisor helps in mediating job satisfaction and individual perceptions on transformational leadership. What messages and/or lessons can be learnt from this article about my leadership style? I learnt that supervisors or leaders should reflect on the individual and team perceptions on their behavior to facilitate transformational leadership. Supervisors need to pay attention for establishing trust and this leadership style plays an important role in hiring, promoting or training. REFERENCING: Cavazotte, Moreno Hickmann (2012) CONTEXT: Location- Brazil Organisation- Brazilian company operating in energy sector Participants- 134 middle level managers and their subbordinates Method- Electronic questionnaires were used to collect data on 7 variables, followed by assessment of all subordinates on the role of their leaders. What is this article/book about? The article investigated the effects of personality traits, intelligence and emotional intelligence on performance of transformational leaders in an organisation. Identify key themes that relate to your leadership exercise and style of leadership Transformational leadership acts as an essential factor in the field of organisational science and exerts an influence on the efficiency of an organisation. What questions does this make you ask? It made me ask myself if I am able to make complete use of my intelligence and experience in the organisation while working with the team. I also reflected whether my emotional intelligence creates any negative impact on team performance. How relevant is this reference: To my leadership style and approach? It is quite relevant to my approach since I also demonstrate a transformational leadership style. The fact that conscientiousness exerts a direct influence on leadership effectiveness helped me to identify areas that needed improvement in my practice. How relevant is this to my leadership style and to my profile? It helped me realise that I need to control my emotional intelligence such as, thinking and behaviour to facilitate accomplishment of the intended goals in the team. What messages and/or lessons can be learnt from this article about my leadership style? I learnt that emotional awareness, harnessing them to tasks, problem solving skills can create negative impacts on the team performance, if not utilised adequately. Thus, I realised that my role as a transformational leader would require effective demonstration of neuroticism, openness, agreeableness, extraversion and emotional intelligence. REFERENCING: Bell (2013) CONTEXT: Location- Italy Organisation- Local health authority, Italy Participants- 138 nurses Method- 138 recently hired nurses were randomised to 6 different groups for attending sessions such as, self persuasion intervention and beneficiary contact What is this article/book about? The article aimed to enhance effects of transformational leadership on the performance of recently hired nursing employees by exploring the potential of extra task job characteristics. Identify key themes that relate to your leadership exercise and style of leadership Transformational leadership is one of the most important factors responsible for directly motivating action, thereby improving employee performance. It encompasses the behavioural dimensions of idealized influence, inspirational motivation, individualized consideration and intellectual stimulation. What questions does this make you ask? It made me question whether my leadership qualities are able to improve the performance of my co-workers and colleagues. I also evaluated if I am giving in my best possible skills and leadership qualities during administration. How relevant is this reference: To my leadership style and approach? It is relevant to my leadership approach as it helped in ascertaining the fact that self-persuasion intervention and beneficiary contact among leaders working in the public and private sector can be effectively utilized for turning the directed goals and visions to tangible reality. How relevant is this to my leadership style and to my profile? Its relevance lies in the fact that it helped in establishing the role of the aforementioned interventions for enhancing the performance effects due to transformational leadership. Thus, it provided me with an idea of the skills that need to be implemented for increasing efficiency. What messages and/or lessons can be learnt from this article about my leadership style? It helped me learn that my demonstration of self persuasion and beneficiary contact will help in improving pro-social impact and will directly enhance job performance. REFERENCING: Garca-Morales, Jimnez-Barrionuevo Gutirrez-Gutirrez (2012) CONTEXT: Location- Spain Organisation- Spanish automobile and chemical firms Participants- CEOs of randomly selected 1000 organisations Method- Mailed surveys were sent to the participants followed by random sampling and stratification. The responses were measured for analysing transformational leadership effects. What is this article/book about? This research involved randomisation of CEOs of automobile and chemical firms who were made to complete survey questionnaires to investigate the impact of transformational leadership on the performance of an organisation. Identify key themes that relate to your leadership exercise and style of leadership Transformational leadership enhances collective interest consciousness among the members of an organization and establishes emotional links between the leader and followers. It also promotes intellectual simulation through charisma and inspiration. What questions does this make you ask? It made me ask myself if I am able to express charismatic nature and directly inspire my co-workers in order to improve their performance. How relevant is this reference: To my leadership style and approach? It is relevant to my leadership role as my transformational leadership approach involves interaction with all the co-workers for accomplishing the intended goals. If I am not able to utilise my charisma in motivating them, it may result in poor job satisfaction and decrease performance. How relevant is this to my leadership style and to my profile? It is extremely relevant to my leadership style as it helped me realise the strategic role of organisational innovation and learning on employee performance. What messages and/or lessons can be learnt from this article about my leadership style? I understood that it is imperative to my role as a leader for transferring knowledge through organisational learning. I also realised that there is a need to be courageous for suggesting innovations that can greatly improve organisation performance. REFERENCING: Grant (2012) CONTEXT: Location- USA Organisation- Private company selling marketing and educational software Participants- 71 recently recruited employees Method- All participants were made to attend a 2*2 between-subjects training session based on factorial design to respond to an online survey, following which an ANOVA test was carried out to verify the response analyses. What is this article/book about? The quasi-experimental study aimed to investigate the effects of beneficiary contact on transformational leadership upon employees working at sales and revenue departments. Identify key themes that relate to your leadership exercise and style of leadership Charismatic and transformational leaders motivate their followers by expressing confidence, optimism, collective identity and a compelling vision. This makes the followers transcend their interests for the sake of the entire team. What questions does this make you ask? This made me reflect if there I demonstrated enough capabilities and skills of being a charismatic leader that in turn directly motivated my employees and co-workers to work for the best interests of the organisation. How relevant is this reference: To my leadership style and approach? Its relevance lies in identification of charisma and inspirational behaviour as the key factors that drive efficiency of an organisation. How relevant is this to my leadership style and to my profile? It is relevant to my leadership profile as it provided adequate knowledge on the positive effects of independent or combined beneficiary contact on the effective performance of an organisation. What messages and/or lessons can be learnt from this article about my leadership style? I will try to engage in more effective conversations with the employees and co-workers and be present during all the training and workshop sessions they attend in order to boost their morale and encourage them for improving the overall efficiency of the organisation. References Avolio, B. J., Yammarino, F. J. (Eds.). (2013). Introduction to, and overview of, transformational and charismatic leadership. InTransformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead 10th Anniversary Edition(pp. xxvii-xxxiii). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Batool, B. F. (2013). Emotional intelligence and effective leadership.Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,4(3), 84. Bell, N. (2013). Leading to make a difference: A field experiment on the performance effects of transformational leadership, perceived social impact, and public service motivation.Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory,24(1), 109-136. Braun, S., Peus, C., Weisweiler, S., Frey, D. (2013). Transformational leadership, job satisfaction, and team performance: A multilevel mediation model of trust.The Leadership Quarterly,24(1), 270-283. Carter, S. M., Greer, C. R. (2013). Strategic leadership: Values, styles, and organizational performance.Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies,20(4), 375-393. Cavazotte, F., Moreno, V., Hickmann, M. (2012). Effects of leader intelligence, personality and emotional intelligence on transformational leadership and managerial performance.The Leadership Quarterly,23(3), 443-455. Czech, K., Forward, G. L. (2013). Communication, leadership, and job satisfaction: Perspectives on supervisor-subordinate relationships.Studies in media and Communication,1(2), 11-24. Eddy, P. L. (2012). A holistic perspective of leadership competencies.New Directions for Community Colleges,2012(159), 29-39. Effelsberg, D., Solga, M., Gurt, J. (2014). Getting followers to transcend their self-interest for the benefit of their company: Testing a core assumption of transformational leadership theory.Journal of Business and Psychology,29(1), 131-143. Furtner, M. R., Baldegger, U., Rauthmann, J. F. (2013). Leading yourself and leading others: Linking self-leadership to transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership.European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology,22(4), 436-449. Garca-Morales, V. J., Jimnez-Barrionuevo, M. M., Gutirrez-Gutirrez, L. (2012). Transformational leadership influence on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation.Journal of business research,65(7), 1040-1050. Grant, A. M. (2012). Leading with meaning: Beneficiary contact, prosocial impact, and the performance effects of transformational leadership.Academy of Management Journal,55(2), 458-476. Hunter, E. M., Neubert, M. J., Perry, S. J., Witt, L. A., Penney, L. M., Weinberger, E. (2013). Servant leaders inspire servant followers: Antecedents and outcomes for employees and the organization.The Leadership Quarterly,24(2), 316-331. Kaslow, N. J., Falender, C. A., Grus, C. L. (2012). Valuing and practicing competency-based supervision: A transformational leadership perspective.Training and Education in Professional Psychology,6(1), 47. Klar, H. W., Brewer, C. A. (2013). Successful leadership in high-needs schools: An examination of core leadership practices enacted in challenging contexts.Educational Administration Quarterly,49(5), 768-808. McCleskey, J. A. (2014). Situational, transformational, and transactional leadership and leadership development.Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,5(4), 117. Rast III, D. E., Hogg, M. A., Giessner, S. R. (2013). Self-uncertainty and support for autocratic leadership.Self and Identity,12(6), 635-649. Tourish, D. (2013). The dark side of transformational leadership: A critical perspective.Development and Learning in Organizations,28(1). Yukl, G. (2012). Effective leadership behavior: What we know and what questions need more attention.The Academy of Management Perspectives,26(4), 66-85.

Macbeth Essays (1214 words) - Characters In Macbeth,

Macbeth THE NATURE OF EVIL How does the play portray evil as a perversion of human nature? Show how Macbeth and Lady Macbeth have to go against their own natures in order to kill Duncan. Trace the effect the betrayal of human nature has on each of them. How does the imagery of disease function in Macbeth? Trace the way in which evil works on Macbeth and on Scotland like a sickness. Find imagery to support the idea that Malcolm and Macduff heal the country by overthrowing Macbeth. What makes Macbeth susceptible to evil? Explore the nature of Macbeth's ambition, and show how it overrides his sense of right and wrong. Evil within vs. evil without. Is evil an outside force, or does it come from within a person? Find instances in the play to support either theory, or both. How is Macbeth destroyed by evil? Trace the path of Macbeth's downfall and show how it happens as a consequence of his murdering Duncan. As Macbeth becomes more evil, how do his feelings change? Start by exploring how his feelings at the beginning of the play are much like anybody else's. Trace the way in which his feelings about people and his responses to events become twisted and abnormal. Trace how Lady Macbeth is destroyed by evil. Show how she renounces all human feeling in Act I and seems to be successful. After the murder, follow her downward course into madness and death. How does evil work by deception? Contrast what Macbeth and Lady Macbeth believe they are gaining through murder with what they actually get. Do they deceive themselves, or are they deceived by others? How can evil be avoided? Macbeth gives in to temptation. Take several characters who maintain their integrity and investigate what the play says about how they do it. How does Shakespeare establish the atmosphere of evil which pervades Macbeth? Start with the witches, and show how their presence reflects on all the events of the play. Give examples of how the imagery in the language creates a feeling of evil. Also examine the setting. THE SUPERNATURAL How does Macbeth's changing attitude toward the supernatural reflect the change in his character? Contrast Macbeth's reaction to the witches when he first sees them with his attitude toward them in Act IV. Supernatural events occur throughout the play. Discuss their dramatic function. Each time Macbeth encounters something supernatural- the witches, the floating dagger, a ghost- he moves more deeply into evil. List the supernatural events and comment on how each marks a step in Macbeth's downfall. Do the supernatural events really occur, or are they projections of Macbeth's inner state? Some readers believe that the floating dagger, Banquo's ghost, and even the witches are products of Macbeth's imagination. Explore that possibility. Point out in what way, if any, the meaning of the play is changed by accepting or rejecting the reality of the supernatural. How do the witches' predictions influence Macbeth's actions? Analyze what they tell Macbeth at the beginning of the play. How do they win his confidence? Why do those particular prophesies have such an effect on him? Do the same for the second set of predictions. Nature itself reacts to some of the events in a super-natural manner. Explore how the theme of good vs. evil is supported by such occurrences. Good in the play is not relative; it is absolute. Give examples in which nature itself seems to be condemning an evil action. THE CHARACTERS Describe the way Macbeth and Lady Macbeth influence each other in the play. What effect does Lady Macbeth's determination to kill Duncan have on her husband? After the murder, how does Macbeth change, and how does that affect Lady Macbeth? Contrast Macbeth's imaginative nature with Lady Macbeth's pragmatic nature. Compare their attitudes toward Duncan's murder, both before and after the deed. Throughout the play, give instances of his poetic description of feelings and situations and her prosaic, practical way of thinking and expressing herself. Compare Malcolm, the rightful king, with Macbeth. What motivates each of them? Does Malcolm care about his people? Does Macbeth? Compare the way Macbeth manipulates the two murderers for his own purposes and the way Malcolm temporarily deceives

A sound mind in a sound body - Smart Custom Writing Samples

A sound mind in a sound body - Smart Custom Writing GregorThe Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka's is a characteristic in the genre of investigational symbolic fiction that came about in the early 20th century. The central character of the story, Gregor Samsa, is the epitome of the numbing of the soul amidst the rising of the industrial revolution. An irony in The Metamorphosis is that Gregor Samsa experiences a metamorphosis in the corporeal sense only; philosophically was always a bug and turning out to be one physically has no consequence on his satisfaction in life. According to Karl Marx, the laborer's "work is external to the worker, i.e., it does not form part of his essential being so that instead of feeling well in his work, he feels unhappy, instead of developing his free physical and mental energy, he abuses his body and ruins his mind" (Bloom 107).   Gregor is the perfect symbol for what Marx is arguing about; he is estranged from the product he endeavors to generate for the reason that he doesn't own it. Further, he is actually not even laboring to earn a wage; his wages are going to settling his father's sum unpaid. When Gregor body transforms into the bug he was philosophically all alone, his alienation and isolation turns out to be complete. â€Å"Gregor Samsa's transformation into vermin presents self-alienation in a literal way,not merely a customary metaphor become fictional fact...no manner more drastic could illustrate the alienation of a consciousness from its own being than Gregor Samsa's startled and startling awakening† (Bloom 105). Lastly, Gregor's estrangement from his humankind is totally realized and physicalized: â€Å"That is to say, Samsa, having been a successful salesman, was once the pillar of his family, but now, being helpless, his sister assumes in the eyes of his parents the role of leadership and reassuring strength that he had once occupied† (Scott 37). Just like an insect is a small participant in the grander system of nature and not anticipated to experience things such as ambition or content, so does Gregor ultimately give over completely to a scheme m eant to obliterate those key workings of humanity. Bloom, Harold, ed. Franz Kafka's the Metamorphosis. New York: Chelsea House, 1988. Scott, Nathan A. Rehearsals of Discomposure: Alienation and Reconciliation in Modern Literature: Franz Kafka, Ignazio Silone, D. H. Lawrence . New York: King's Crown Press, 1952. Kafka, Franz. "The Metamorphosis." The Norton Anthology of World Literature, Vol. F: The Twentieth Century. 2nd Edition. Ed. Sarah Lawall. New York: W.W. Norton Company, 2003.

Congress and The Presidency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Congress and The Presidency - Essay Example While the House and the Senate enjoy equal status in most matters, there are some special powers granted to one chamber only. Here, it is interresting to note that for matters pertaining to the confirmation of presidential nominations to high-level executive and judicial positions, and for the ratification of treaties, there is a requirement for the Senate's advice and consent. On the other hand, it is important for bills in lieu of raising revenue to originate in the House of Representatives, apart from any proceedings that have to do with the process of impeachment. Before proceeding, it is important to point out that from 1952 to 1994, there was a lull in the any activity from the Republican side where the Congress was concerned. But after the Republicans made a sweep with the 1994 mid term elections by capturing a whooping 54 seats in the House of Representatives and eight seats in the Senate , the Congressional corridors were dominated basically by the Republicans who have made various changes in the Congress for the last twelve years before the Democrats took over. In this regard, the first aspect we will study in this paper is that of policy making as regards the power of the institutional heads in the Republican quarters. Here, the Republicans are vastly different from their Democrat counterparts in the sense that the typical Republican is a staunch believer of the fact that law making is an activity that occurs strictly in the legislative and judicial province where the judges are the end all and be all as far as law making and asserting the same is concerned. This began to show in the Congress with a strict segregation of law and policy making practices followed by the Senate and the House. With the adevnt of the Republican, both wings now had seperatist attitudes towards the activities and tasks that were to be carried out by them.This was a major change launched by the Republican majoirty. With further Republican contact, there were changes that took place where the power of campiagn contributors were concerned as well. With different groups having their own varied interests, it was seen that the pattern of campaign contributors changed to open invitations for all kinds of people instead of being restricted to the most righteous as it was in the Democratic past. Fruther, if one is take a closer look at the policy making process as far as ignoring the national interest to pay more attention to the character of local interest was concerned, it will be clearly seen that the Iraq war was one such instance where the natinal interest was hardly paid heed to. In the name of "democracy", the Bush government went all out to satisfy the instigations of a personal set of Republican lobbyists. If instead of the theoretical pretense of "democracy" (as in "exporting democracy to Iraq"), one were to closely examine the actually existing practice of "democracy," it would have been more accurate to say that what we have today is oligarchical rule by and large for a plutocracy -- so-called "conservatism" in theory (small government, fiscal conservatism, isolationist foreign policy) boils down in practice to no-holds-barred greed - pursued where possible in an authoritarian manner. As far as influencing

Matrices and function Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Matrices and function - Coursework Example 0.0072 = 0.9928 are alive at the end of the year. Some of this number will have reached the age of 15 during the 1 year and become adults. We shall assume that15 of the surviving juveniles become adults. So the proportion of juveniles still alive and still juveniles at 14 the end of the year is . (b) The network model above can be written as a matrix equation of the form where M is a 2 x 2 matrix. Write down the matrix M (c) (i) Edit the matrix M, and the vector whose entries are the initial subpopulation sizes J0 and A0, in a copy of a worksheet so that the worksheet shows the predicted changes in population size for the country considered in this question. Set N = 50, so that the worksheet covers 50 years. Here we have: For n=0, For n= 2, As the value is influenced by the previous value the table has the accurate calculation: Table below shows the juvenile population, Adult population and total population, while the first column shows the increase in the years startind from 2007 an d ending at 2057. n Jn An Tn 0 8.3 30.1 38.4 1 8.82254 30.09562 38.91816 2 9.306561 30.12591 39.43247 3 9.756194 30.18769 39.94388 4 10.17515 30.2781 40.45324 5 10.56675 30.39457 40.96132 6 10.93398 30.53483 41.46882 7 11.27954 30.69682 41.97636 8 11.60582 30.87871 42.48453 9 11.91499 31.07884 42.99384 10 12.209 31.29576 43.50476 11 12.48958 31.52816 44.01774 12 12.7583 31.77485 44.53315 13 13.01658 32.03479 45.05137 14 13.26567 32.30705 45.57272 15 13.50671 32.59079 46.0975 16 13.74073 32.88526 46.626 17 13.96865 33.18981 47.15846 18 14.19129 33.50384 47.69513 19 14.40939 33.82683 48.23623 20 14.62363 34.15832 48.78195 21 14.83461 34.49789 49.3325 22 15.04287 34.84518 49.88805 23 15.2489 35.19987 50.44877 24 15.45315 35.56167 51.01482 25 15.65601 35.93033 51.58634 26 15.85784 36.30564 52.16348 27 16.05896 36.68741 52.74637 28 16.25968 37.07546 53.33514 29 16.46026 37.46966 53.92992 30 16.66093 37.86989 54.53083 31 16.86193 38.27604 55.13797 32 17.06344 38.68802 55.75146 33 17.26566 39.10576 56.37142 34 17.46873 39.5292 56.99793 35 17.67283 39.95829 57.63112 36 17.87807 40.393 58.27108 37 18.0846 40.8333 58.9179 38 18.29252 41.27917 59.57169 39 18.50195 41.7306 60.23254 40 18.71297 42.18758 60.90056 41 18.9257 42.65013 61.57582 42 19.14019 43.11825 62.25844 43 19.35655 43.59195 62.9485 44 19.57484 44.07126 63.6461 45 19.79512 44.55621 64.35133 46 20.01747 45.04681 65.06428 47 20.24195 45.54311 65.78506 48 20.46861 46.04513 66.51374 49 20.69751 46.55292 67.25044 50 20.92871 47.06652 67.99523 51 21.16224 47.58598 68.74822 (ii) What behaviour does the model predict for the total population size over 50 years? Find the sizes of the total population predicted by the model for the years 2032 and 2057, giving your answers to the nearest thousand. The population of the juveniles and the adults in total is increasing by the ration of 1.013 and the population is increasing in the geometric manner. The size of the population in the year 2032 will be at 51.58634 million w hich is approximately 1.343 times the total population in the year 2007. In the 2057, the total population of juveniles and adults will be 67. 99523 million, which is 1.77 times the population in the year 2007. (iii) What does the model predict for the ratio of successive total populations over the 50 years? Your answer should include both a description of behaviour and numerical information. Years Tn Ratio Tn/Tn-1 2007

Narration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Narration - Essay Example The physically challenged have also shown the rest of humanity that they can deliver beyond expectation. This paper will give a narration on which I tap my inspiration from, the individual’s life story and that incidence that made me choose them as my inspiration. Moreover, this paper will discuss the significance that this personality has in my life and in the lives of others in the realization of the goals and achievements otherwise perceived to be unattainable. Oprah Winfrey, the most powerful and influential woman in America is my source of inspiration. She is the owner of a vast business empire whose net worth estimation is in billions and billions of dollars. Not all this came easy as she built her economic empire through sweat and a lot of hard work. She was born Oprah Gail Winfrey on January 29, 1954 in Kosciussko in the state of Mississipi (Fry 1). Her love for books stated at a very tender age and the age of five, she could read the bible before starting kindergarten . She stayed with her grandmother, Hattie Mae Lee who in turn nurtured the book reading culture that Oprah had developed. In addition, her idea of one day becoming a great person was highly influenced by her love for television at the age of seven. However, her smooth childhood had it twists as her nineteen-year-old cousin who had to watch over her and her siblings defiled her. In the years after she was also sexually abused by her uncle and by a family friend. She kept silent over the abuses as the abusers told her to keep the incidences a secret. Despite the sexual abuse hurdles that she had to overcome, Oprah had an astounding performance in high school that led her into joining an all white high school. Ironically, her good behavior soon changed, as she got pregnant at the age of fourteen because of running away from home. Her mother, not knowing the reason for her rebellion, sent Oprah to her father in Nashville. Her early labor at the seventh month resulted in her delivering a boy who lost his life after two weeks of living. Surprisingly, this experience in her life made her change her ill ways and decided to concentrate on her books and her public speaking ability. Additionally, in 1971 she became the first woman of color to gain a beauty title. Her public speaking prowess also landed her a four-year tertiary institution scholarship while working as a part time newsreader. Later, she became a student at Tennessee State University and got an offer to work for a local television as a reader for evening news. Eventually, her star began to shine in 1976 when she shifted to Baltimore for a Major role in the media industry. She hosted her first talk show in 1984 after her move to Chicago and she has never looked back since then. She also exhibited acting ability and got her first acting job in the movie, The Color Purple, in the year 1985 (Fry 2). Currently, her business empire has made her become one of the richest women of our time. Though childless, she co nsiders the girls she helps educate by financing their needs as her daughters. Notably, she was the driving force behind President Barak Obama’s election bid in 2008. She also has a book club where she does book reviews with and for her worldwide audience. Exceptionally, she is an advocate for the girl child and her rights all over the continent.

Diagnosing Diabetes Mellitus

Diagnosing Diabetes Mellitus Introduction In this practical, enzymatic assays were used to determine the glucose concentration of patients in plasma samples. The use of enzymes as a marker for analytical analysis of plasma samples are very reliable due to the high specificity, reproducibility and sensitivity of enzyme assays (glucose HK assay kit). The first assay used is a glucose oxidase assay, this assay measures the glucose levels in plasma by using enzymes such as glucose oxidase to catalyse the oxidation of D-glucose which is present in plasma into D-Gluconic acid. The reaction is coupled to another chemical reaction where a reduced form of o-Diansidine is oxidised to an oxidised form of o-diansidine. This occurs in combination with a formation of hydrogen peroxide. The hydrogen peroxide is then broken down and reacts with H2SO4 to form a coloured compound that can be spectrophotometrically detected at a wavelength of 540nm. Another popular glucose measuring assay is the hexokinase assay. This assay catalyses the phosphorylation of glucose present in the sample in presence of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by using hexokinase to form glucose-6-phosphate (G6P). G6P is then oxidised in the presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) to form 6-phospho-gluconate, this reaction is catalysed by the presence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH). While this reaction is undergoing, the NAD is reduced to NADH. This creates a colorimetric signal that can be detected at a wavelength of 340nm by a spectrophotometer. These assays are two of many assays used to measure glucose in patients. They are commonly used to determine if the patient is diabetic or for routine uses to monitor patients who are already diagnosed with diabetes. Glucose Oxidase assay Materials Pipette and tips Eppendorf tubes Potassium phosphate Glucose oxidase (1U/ µl) Peroxidase (0.01U/ µl) O-Diansidine hydrochloride Patient samples x6 (2 for each patient) Stop solution (Sulphuric acid H2SO4) 96 well plate Plate reader Method Firstly, 3ml of glucose oxidase reagent was prepared by adding 60 µl of glucose oxidase, 30 µl of peroxidase and 60 µl of o-diansidine hydrochloride in 2,85 ml of 0.1 potassium phosphate to create a solution at a pH of 7.5. Calculations: Glucose Oxidase (1U/ µl) => (1000 U/ml)/(20 U/ml) =50 (3ml)/50=0.06ml =60 µl Peroxidase (0.01 U/ µl) => (10 U/ml)/(0.1 U/ml) = 100 (3ml)/100 =0.03ml =30 µl O-Diansidine hydrochloride => 1:50 dilution needed 3ml=3000 µl 3000/50=60 µl Then, a set of 6 standards were prepared by diluting a 0.1M stock glucose solution in water as followed: Table 1. Preparation of standards volumes Final concentration (mM) 0.1 stock glucose solution ( µl) Purified water ( µl) 0 0 200 5 10 190 10 20 180 15 30 170 20 40 160 25 50 150 Then, 50 µl of the samples (provided) and standards were added in duplicate on a 96 well plate as shown below (See Table 2.). Table 2. 96 well plate distribution 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 A 25 QC4 Patient 1 T=1 Patient 2 T=1 Patient 3 T=1 25 QC4 Patient 1 T=1 Patient 2 T=1 Patient 3 T=1 B 20 QC7 Patient1 T=2 Patient 2 T=2 Patient 3 T=2 20 QC7 Patient 1 T=2 Patient 2 T=2 Patient 3 T=2 C 15 QC11 15 QC11 D 10 10 E 5 5 F 0 0 Then 100 µl of the assay reagent prepared earlier was added to each well. After 30 minutes of incubation at 37 °C, the reaction was stopped by adding 100 µl of sulphuric acid to each well. The plate was then read at 540nm on a plate reader. Results After reading the plate at 540nm on the plate reader, the following results were obtained: Table 3. Sample Absorbance 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 A 0.640 0.126 0.160 0.099 0.087 0.686 0.129 0.082 0.090 0.093 B 0.545 0.193 0.141 0.139 0.087 0.567 0.204 0.176 0.113 0.041 C 0.442 0.266 0.410 0.303 0.104 D 0.261 0.283 E 0.193 0.144 F 0.049 0.048 Results highlighted in red were omitted from further calculations due to preparation errors. 200 µl instead of 100  µl of assay reagent was added to well A9, this diluted the signal creating an inaccurate result. The well was re-prepared in well C9 but the time interval between the substrate and stop solution was unequal to the duplicate in well A3, therefore, the result of well C9 was omitted from further calculations. Finally, the result of well B11 was omitted from further calculations since the assay reagent was not added to the well, therefore there was no chemical reaction (same value as blank). Table 4. Standard Absorbance Standards (mM) 0.000 5.000 10.000 15.000 20.000 25.000 Absorbance Date: 25/01/2017 0.049 0.144 0.291 0.442 0.545 0.640 Date: 25/01/2017 0.048 0.193 0.283 0.410 0.567 0.686 Mean 0.049 0.169 0.287 0.426 0.556 0.663 Standard deviation (n=2) 0.001 0.035 0.006 0.023 0.016 0.033 CV % (n=2) 1.458 20.563 1.971 5.312 2.798 4.906 Table 5. Standards mean absorbance recapitulative Standards Concentration (mM) Abs 1 0 0.049 2 5 0.169 3 10 0.287 4 15 0.426 5 20 0.556 6 25 0.663 A standard curve can be plotted using the results generated by the wells containing the standards. Figure 1. Standard curve of the Absorbance versus concentration The precision of the standard curve can be determined by calculating the coefficient of variation (CV% where CV=standard deviation (SD)/mean) for each standard as shown below: Figure 2. Comparison of the coefficients of variations percentages of the standard duplicates          Results are usually rejected if the difference in values is greater than 20% for more than 75% of the calibration standards. In this case, the precision of the curve is acceptable since all the CVs of the points (except from 1) are below 20 % (EMEA or Desilva). The accuracy and the precision can be further analysed by the quality controls (QCs) which were ran in duplicate on the plate. Table 6. Quality control results Absorbance Results QC (4 mM) QC (7 mM) QC (11 mM) 0.126 0.193 0.266 0.129 0.204 0.303 Mean 0.128 0.199 0.285 Standard deviation (n=2) 0.002 0.008 0.026 CV % (n=2) 1.664 3.918 9.196 As shown above, the CVs of the QCs are below 20% meaning that the precision of the duplicates is acceptable. By extrapolating the mean absorbance from the QCs, the corresponding concentrations can be determined. QC performances are determined by calculating the precision and accuracy of these. The precision is determined as a CV% (CV%, where CV = SD/mean) and the accuracy as absolute bias (% RE, where relative error [RE] = [measured value actual value]/ actual value). If these are between  ±20% ( ±25% for low QC and high QC) and the target total error (sum of these two values) is below 30% (40% for low QC and high QC), then the results generated from the standard curve are acceptable (De silva EMEA). Table 7. Quality control precision and accuracy QC (4 mg/ml) QC (7 mg/ml) QC (11 mg/ml) Absorbance 0.128 0.199 0.285 Concentration 3.29 6.13 9.57 CV % (n=2) 2.595 5.092 10.958 Bias % 17.8583547 12.48608 13.03319986 Total error 20.453 17.578 23.992 Following the results shown above, it can be determined that the precision and accuracy of the results are acceptable for each control. Once this has been determined, the results generated from the samples can be analysed reliably. Finally, by extrapolating the absorbance generated from the samples on the standard curve, a corresponding concentration can be determined as shown below: Table 8. Sample results Patient1(t=1) Patient 1 (t=2) Patient 2 (t=1) Patient 2 (t=2) Patient 3 (t=1) Patient 3 (t=2) absorbance 0.130 0.159 0.095 0.126 0.09 0.087 Concentration (nM) 3.37 4.53 1.97 3.21 1.77 1.65 Hexokinase assay Due to time constraints, the hexokinase assay was not performed. Despite this, some results were provided to determine the glucose concentrations of the 3 patients. Results Table 9. Standards, quality controls and samples results provided Standards: Glucose concentration mM Absorbance 0 0.048 5 0.154 10 0.366 15 0.496 20 0.725 25 0.854 Samples and quality controls: Sample Absorbance IQC1 0.162 IQC2 0.260 IQC3 0.393 Patient 1 sample 1 0.269 Patient 1 sample 2 0.411 Patient 2 sample 1 0.196 Patient 2 sample 2 0.303 Patient 3 sample 1 0.206 Patient 3 sample 2 0.236 A standard curve can be plotted using the standard results provided: Figure 3. Standard curve of absorbance over concentration By extrapolating the absorbance from the quality controls and samples, the corresponding concentrations can be determined as shown below: Table 10. Quality control results QC (4) QC (7) QC (11) Absorbance 0.162 0.26 0.393 Concentration (nM) 4.27 7.16 11.10 Bias % 6.68430505 2.347304 0.871558008 The bias calculated is within the 20% range meaning that the assay is accurate and the results generated are validated. Finally, by extrapolating the provided absorbance of the samples on the standard curve, a corresponding concentration can be determined. Table 11. Sample results Patient1 (t=1) Patient 1 (t=2) Patient 2 (t=1) Patient 2 (t=2) Patient 3 (t=1) Patient 3 (t=2) absorbance 0.269 0.411 0.196 0.303 0.206 0.236 Concentration (nM) 7.43 11.63 5.27 8.44 5.57 6.45 Discussion The results obtained by the glucose oxidase assay are very different from the hexokinase assay, even though the accuracy and precision of both assays are acceptable. Meaning that there must have been an error in preparation of the samples, standards or controls of one of these assays. It has been predetermined that a preanalytical error was made during the storage of the patient samples prior to their use in the glucose oxidase assay. The samples were thawed and not kept on ice which degraded the samples, this explains the low values for the patient concentrations.   Due to the abnormal results obtained in the glucose oxidase assay (t=1 and t=2 decrease in glucose concentrations for patient 3), the results were omitted from further clinical interpretation. The results provided in the hexokinase assay seem to be more correct (increase in glucose concentrations from t=1 to t=2). Taking this into account, the results obtained from the hexokinase assay were used for the clinical interp retation of the patients. The paired samples which were ran on the assays were samples collected during a glucose tolerance test.   A glucose tolerance test (commonly called GTT or OGTT) is performed on a patient to help diagnose diabetes. It is used to help diagnose disorders such as pre-diabetes, insulin resistance, gestational diabetes (for pregnant women) and reactive hypoglycaemia for example. The test involves the administration of a glucose dose (usually 75g in liquid form) to a fasting patient. Blood is taken before the ingestion of the dose and 2 hours later. The results from the blood glucose levels help determine glucose disorders(ref). GTT is a widely-used tool for diagnosing gestational diabetes. It is offered to women who are 24-28 weeks pregnant and present a risk factors such as an elevated BMI, family history of diabetes or a previous pregnancy of a large baby. Patient 1 is a 36-year-old female who is 28 weeks pregnant. She was offered a routine GTT following the last pregnancy since the baby was large. Her fasting glucose was 7.43 mmol/L and her blood glucose levels after 2 hours was 11.6mmol/L. In the UK, according to the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines, a fasting glucose greater than 5.6 mmol/L and/or a 2-hour blood glucose level greater than 7.8mmol/L for pregnant women is considered diagnostic for gestational diabetes (NICE guidleines). Therefore, the patient in question is diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Patient 2 is a 67 year old female, she was referred for a GTT following the results of her fasting plasma glucose to be 5.6mmol/L at a routine GP check-up. According to the results from the hexokinase assay, her fasting glucose was 5.27mmol/L and her 2-hour plasma glucose levels were 8.44mmol/L. These results indicate that the patient has an impaired glucose tolerance (fasting glucose less than 7mmol/L and 2-hour plasma level between 7.8 and 11.1mmol/L). This diagnosis is given when the results do not indicate diabetes but are still abnormal. Further check-ups need to be planned to routinely check for diabetes. Patient 3 is a 24 year old male. He is affected by cystic fibrosis which requires annual pancreatic function tests such as GTTs. His fasting blood glucose levels were 5.57mmol/L and the 2-hour blood glucose levels were 6.45mmol/L following these results it is safe to say that this patient is healthy (fasting plasma levels less than 5.5mmol/L and plasma glucose levels at 2-hours less than 7.8mmol/L). Conclusion By using an enzyme assay, blood glucose levels from patients can be monitored. These assays are reliable due to the specificity, reproducibility and sensitivity of the enzymes. By measuring the glucose levels of samples before and after the administration of an oral dose of glucose, the results can help diagnose several types of diabetes such as gestational diabetes in pregnant women. There are a variety of available assays that can measure glucose from serum samples, but they all function on the same principle of catalysing a reaction to produce a detectable signal that is correlated to a concentration. The use of internal quality controls is an indispensable way of testing the reliability of the results.

The Constitutionality of the Patriot Act Essay -- Patriot Act vs US Co

Since the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, Americans fear that another attack is imminent. To ease these fears, lawmakers created the USA Patriot Act which stands for Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism. This lengthy bill allows the justice department a great deal of power in criminal cases especially in those dealing with terrorism. While, according to lawmakers, the Patriot Act is aimed at ending terrorism, it is arguable that the Patriot Act is aimed at beginning a Big Brother-type society. For the government of the United States to enforce a law that encourages the obstruction of the 1st, 4th, 5th and 6th Amendments and other civil liberties is highly hypocritical and quite un-American. The documentary Unconstitutional, directed by Nonny de la Pena, follows the evolution of the Patriot Act with interviews from senators who passed the bill, lawyers fighting the bill, and residents of the United States who have come under attack because of the bill. One of the positive points of the act that many like to point out was the bi-partisan support it had. However, former Representative Robert Barr, a republican from Georgia, and Representative Peter A. DeFazio, a democrat from Oregon, both claim that the act was very different from the one that was voted on. The night before the bill was to be voted on it was changed last minute and printed at 3:45 am that morning. The new bill included provisions that had already been denied on the floor. ï ¿ ½No member of Congress read this legislation before us voting on it,ï ¿ ½ says DeFazio (Unconstitutional). Lawmakers passed a bill that they had not read and now the public is paying for it. A childrenï ¿ ½s educational mag... ...http://galileo.usg.edu>. Losely, Lauren E. ï ¿ ½Universities Express Concern About the USA Patriot Act.ï ¿ ½ Academe Sep/Oct 2004: 4. Academic Search Premier. EBSCOHost. GALILEO. Odum Lib., Valdosta State University, GA. 10 April 2005 . ï ¿ ½Patriot Act Overview.ï ¿ ½ Congressional Digest Nov. 2004:258-88. ï ¿ ½Patriot Games.ï ¿ ½ Current Events 17 October 2003. Ridge, Tom. ï ¿ ½Using the PATRIOT Act to Fight Terrorism.ï ¿ ½ Congressional Digest Nov. 2004: 266-68. Sekhon,Vijay. ï ¿ ½The Civil Rights of ï ¿ ½Othersï ¿ ½: Antiterrorism, The Patriot Act, and Arab and South Asian American Rights in Post-9/11 American Society.ï ¿ ½ Texas Forum on Civil Liberties and Civil Rights 8.1 (2003): 117-148. Unconstitutional. Dir. Nonny de la Pena. Public Interest Pictures, 2004. Zeljak, Cathy. ï ¿ ½The USA Patriot Act and Civil Liberties (Part II).ï ¿ ½ Problems of Post-Communism 51.3 (2004): 69-71.

Bilingual education issue Essay

While the position of education officials is one of inclusion for all learners, irrespective of ethnic, national, religious, sexual, social, linguistic or other varying backgrounds, there seems to be little collaboration between policy and practice. Though the state government sets the official standard for the way particularly governmental educational facilities are operated, several problems that different ethnic and language groups face in the educational setting go counter to laid-down guidelines. It is my position that, though non-native speakers of the English language should be assimilated into the culture and language of the country as far as possible, it is still essential that attempts be made to retain the students’ native language. Assimilation into the culture will necessarily involve immersion into the local language but that has to go along with plans and procedures that sample the students’ varying cultures and providing meaningful experiences via the classroom setting for all learners as far as possible. Therefore the position to retain the students’ native tongue within the classroom setting, rather than overshadowing it with the English language, must be adopted by educational officials if the educational goals of the institutions are to be realized for all students in the system. Furthermore, Good & Brophy (1995) agree far too often educators are too quick to disregard the individual differences and characteristics of students and attempt to deliver curriculum as if their students were a purely homogenous group. They suggest that â€Å"teachers need to engage all students in social and academic tasks that are meaningful to students†(p. 555). Therefore, it is the duty of the teacher to ensure that the learning environment is one of inclusion and not exclusion for the multiplicity of individual differences that may exist in any given classroom. It is agreed that correlation, communication and cooperation between the home and the school, between parents and teachers is an essential recipe for a student’s success in the classroom. Often for bilingual students, particularly recent immigrants, there is no continuity between the stress on English and the American culture between the home and the school. Language specialists have long noted that parents are often less likely to learn the new language than their children. Therefore when there is a decided stress on the removal of the native language from the classroom, this is counteracted by its use in the home and communities from which these students come. This conflict between the goals of the school and the goals of the home cannot continue. I believe that if more schools attempt to be linguistically inclusive, encourage expression in the native language then parents may be more inclined to work along with the school in helping to assimilate their children into the American culture. The government’s position on the issue is quite clear. In Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary School Education Act of 1968, official laid out the policy of the government to support, even financially, program that aimed to develop and implement creative methodology that would meet the needs of these special set of students (Cited in Rodriguez, 1999). Though this position does not explicitly support the use of the native language in the classroom, it implies inclusive rather than exclusive and hostile methodology. I am in no way suggesting that the learning of the English language is not important. In fact it is absolutely necessary for these students to be accommodated into special programs that aim at facilitating their immediate induction into the use of the English language. What I am advocating however, is that the ties to the native country, which is often maintained primarily through language, should not be so readily attacked by the educator seeking to homogenize the classroom. The curriculum must, in all respects, seek to meet the needs of all learners including those who are not very proficient in the use of the English language. As Good and Brophy (1995, P. 555), mention â€Å"although learning English is a part of the program, it is only a part. † REFERENCES Good, T. L. & Brophy, J. E. (1995). Contemporary Educational Psychology. (5th ed. ). New York: Longman Publishers. Rodriguez, Luis. (1999). Discretion and Destruction: the Debate over Language in California’s Schools. Texas Forum on Civil Liberties and Civil Rights, 4(189), 189-233.

Help Others Too Professor Ramos Blog

Help Others Too Allison Hepburn 12/10/2018 English 010 @3pm Help Others Too Award Winning movie â€Å"The Help† based in Jackson, Mississippi during the 1960’s is primarily about the relationships between black maids and their white employers. It starts with Skeeter, played by Emma Stone, A young white female who is a recent college graduate trying to pursue her dream as a writer. Skeeter is Surrounded by friends and family who have a sense of â€Å"white entitlement†.   She secretly befriends two black nannies† Aibileen† played by Viola Davies and â€Å"Minnie† played by Octavia Spencer learning abo ut their time working in white households and puts their stories in her book, giving them a voice. Many of the nanny’s stories included taking care of white family’s children while the white didn’t, having to go to the restroom outside in the rain, not eating at the same table and so much more hardships.   Throughout the movie you will see the struggles that many African Americans had to endure in their everyday lives in the 1960s.Some moments hard to watch, some are definitely sad, but also has spurts of humor that will make you laugh. This was the time when the Jim Crow Law was in effect.   Jim Crow was the name of the racial segregation system, which operated mostly in southern and border states, between 1877 and the mid-1960s(Pilgrim2).It was a way of life(Pilgrim2). Under Jim Crow, African Americans were given the status of second-class citizens. In the movie â€Å"The Help† there are many scenes where the nannies in the white household are treated less than and gives you an actual idea of how life was for them when this was in effect. Jim Crow helped to make anti-black racism appear right Pro segregation politicians gave persuasive speeches on the great danger of integration: the destruction of the purity of the white race (Pilgrim2). The Jim Crow system was based on the following beliefs: whites were superior to blacks in all important ways, including but not limited to intelligence, morality, and civilized behavior; relationships between blacks and whites would produce a mongrel race which would des troy America; treating blacks as equals would encourage interracial relationships between men and women; any activity which suggested social equality encouraged interracial sexual relations; if necessary, violence must be used to keep blacks at the bottom racial level (Pilgrim2) . The following Jim Crow etiquette norms show how inclusive and pervasive these norms were: A black male could not offer his hand (to shake hands) with a white male because it implied being socially equal. Obviously, a black male could not offer his hand or any other part of his body to a white woman, because he risked being accused of rape. Blacks and whites were not supposed to eat together. If they did eat together, whites were to be served first, and some sort of partition was to be placed between them. Under no circumstance was a black male to offer to light the cigarette of a white female that gesture implied intimacy. Blacks were not allowed to show public affection toward one another in public, especially kissing, because it offended whites. Jim Crow etiquette required that blacks were introduced to whites, never whites to blacks. For example: Mr. Peters (the white person), this is Charlie (the black person), that I spoke to you about. Whites did not use courtesy titles of respect when referring to blacks, for example, Mr., Mrs., Miss., Sir, or Maam. Instead, blacks were called by their first names. Blacks had to use courtesy titles when referring to whites, and were not allowed to call them by their first names. If a black person rode in a car driven by a white person, the black person sat in the back seat or the back of a truck. motorists had the right-of-way at all intersections. (Pilgrim2). Many of these disturbing laws you will see during this movie. As you could imagine these nannies were very hesitant about telling their stories about these white families and what they have seen and went through while working there, worrying they might get into trouble or something might happen to them. One of the best parts about this film is you have Skeeter (a white woman) who is genuinely trying to help these women and doesn’t seem to look at them as any different or any less then herself, nor does she care about what her other friends who don’t approve think. The friendship and trust that they build Is amazing to watch and really captures your heart. This Film had many amazing top Actresses such as; Emma Stone, playing the character Skeeter, Won 1 Oscar. Another 58 wins 120 nominations, playing a humble character who wants to give these women a voice (IMDB); Viola Davis an Oscar winner 84 wins and 111 nominations, including this movies, a brave black woman telling her hardships for the first time to a white person (IMDB); Octavia Spencer Won 1 Oscar. Another 32 wins 65 nominations playing a spit fire Nannie taking life into her own hands (IMDB). These Actresses really brought this movie to life and gave amazing performances that just might bring a tear to your eye. This movie gives you the perfect view of the different situations that are at the same time educational to people who want to know exactly how it was like be an African American in the southern states during the 1960’s.And a friendship and relationship that was surprising to many at the time. This Movie has countless awards and is a must watch, I give â€Å" The Help† a 10 out of 10. Annotated Bibliography Imdb, https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1297015/awards?ref_=nm_ql_2 IMDb.com, Inc. 1990-2018 This is a constantly updated site about actors achievements, awards and movies I will us this source in my review to give credit to the actresses in the movie â€Å"The Help†. Pilgrim, David. What Was Jim Crow?. Ferris State University 16 (2000): 2007. I will use this source in my paper to describe the Jim Crow Law and how life was for African Americans in the south This is a credible source coming from Ferris State University. â€Å"The Help† Directed by Tate, Taylor, performances by Emma Stone, Viola Davis, Octavia Spencer Dream Works Studio, 2011. I am writing about â€Å"The Help† in my essay because it is about African American maids and their hardships in Jackson, Mississippi in the 1960’s This is a DreamWorks movie produced in 2011.